What is the typical first-line treatment for hyperglycemia in critically ill patients?

The typical first-line treatment for hyperglycemia in critically ill patients is insulin therapy. In critically ill individuals, maintaining blood glucose levels within a target range is important because both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia can increase morbidity and mortality. Insulin therapy is favored due to its rapid action, allowing for precise control of blood glucose levels, which is essential in the dynamic environment of critical care.

In contrast, oral hypoglycemics are generally not used in critically ill patients because these medications can have delayed actions and are less effective in the context of acute illness. Dietary modifications may not be practical or effective in a critical care setting, particularly since many patients may be unable to consume food orally. Exercise therapy is also not a viable option for most critically ill patients, as their condition typically limits mobility and physical activity. Therefore, insulin therapy is the most appropriate and effective choice for managing hyperglycemia in this population.